17강 가정법2 (가정법 과거, 혼합가정, 가정법 도치)

17강 가정법2

1. 가정법 과거

1) 현재 사실 반대 가정

If + S + 과동, S + 조과 + 동원

 

2) 미래 실현 불가능

If + S + should + 동원, 명령문

If + S + should + S + 조현 + 동원

If + S + were to, S + 조과 + 동원

 

2. 혼합가정

가정법 과거: 현재 사실 반대 가정

 If + S + 과동, S + 조과 + 동원

 

가정법 과거 완료: 과거 사실 반대 가정

If + S + had p.p, S + 조과 + have p.p

 

혼합가정 (가정법 과거 + 가정법 과거 완료):

1) If + S + had p.p, S + 조과 + 동원

If I had taken your advice at that time, I would succeed now.

                                         시간힌트부사구                         시힌부

 

2) If + S + 과동, S + 조과 + have p.p

 

 

3. 가정법에서 if가 생략되면, 주어와 동사가 도치된다.

Had I money, I would have bought a car. (도치 X)

If I had money, I would have bought a car. (혼합가정 X)

   가정법 과거,       가정법 과거 완료

시간힌트부사구가 없기에 혼합가정이 불가능

 

If I had had money, I would have bought a car. (가과완 O)

가정법 과거 완료, 가정법 과거 완료

Had I had money, I would have bought a car. (가과완 도치O)

 

4. 가정법 도치 식별 방법:

,가 있고 / 조동사가 있고 / 주어와 동사 도치가 되어 있으면,

If 복원하고 / 시제 맞는지 확인 후 판단.

 

5. 문제

다음 문장의 괄호 안의 단어를 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오.

1) If I (work) hard at school, I´d have gotten a better job.

                 가과완,                                       가과완

= If I had worked hard at school, I´d have gotten a better job. (가과완)

 

 

2) If I had caught that plane, I (be) dead now.

                   가과완,                     가과       시힌부

= If I had caught that plane, I would be dead. (혼합가정)

 

 

3) If I had voted against him, he (have) to resign.

             가과완,                               가과완

= If I had voted against him, he would have had to resign. (가과완)

 

 

4) Had the management (act) sooner, the strike wouldn´t have happened. (가정법 도치)

If the management had (act) sooner, the strike wouldn´t have happened. (가과완)

Had the management acted sooner, the strike wouldn´t have happened.

 

 

5) If Jane (hurt) her leg at that time, she could be a famous dancer now. (혼합가정)

                 가과완                 시힌부,                 가과                                 시힌부

If Jane had not hurt her leg at that time, she could be a famous dancer now.

과거 사실 반대 가정 이라서 부정 not 추가